Hip-hop originated at Bronx located in New York City, by a Jamaican DJ ,Clive Campbell also known as “Kool Herc” who was born in 1955 at Kingston, Jamaica. The History of Hip Hop | Hip Hop History can be divided into: · Hip hop Music · Hip hop Art (GRAFFITI) · Hip hop Dancing (BREAK DANCING) · Hip hop Fashion, etc…
Hip Hop MUSIC
Hip hop music is genre which consists of a rhythmic vocal style known as rap which is accompanied with backing beats and djs. The history of Hip-hop music can be divided into two main historical eras, the old school hip-hop era(1970-1985) and the golden age hip-hop era(1985-1993).
Old School Hip Hop:-
Old school Hip Hop (1970-1985) is the earliest commercially recorded hip hop music (1979–1984), and by extension the music in the period preceding it. The image, styles and sounds of the old school were exemplified by figures like the Fat Boys, Kool Herc, Afrika Bambaataa, The Treacherous Three, Funky Four Plus One, Fab 5 Freddy and Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five. This was later sent into decline with the advent of new school acts Run-D.M.C. and LL Cool J, with these latter acts now themselves often considered old school.
Golden Age:-
Golden age Hip Hop (1985-1993)is characterized by its diversity, quality, innovation and influence. There were strong themes of Afrocentricity and political militancy, while the music was experimental and the sampling was eclectic. There was often a strong jazz influence. The artists most often associated with the phase include Public Enemy (whose 1988 album It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back is widely regarded as hip hop’s greatest moment), KRS-One and his Boogie Down Productions, Eric B. & Rakim, De La Soul, A Tribe Called Quest, and the Jungle Brothers.
In 1975, “Kool Herc” made music with two turntables out of break beats wherein the instrumental breaks of a song that focused on the rhythm section.
Meanwhile, Grand Wizard Theodore accidentally invented the needle drop also known as ‘the scratch.
While trying to hold a spinning record in place in order to listen to his mom, who was yelling at him, Grand Wizard accidentally caused the record to produce the “shigi-shigi” sound that is now known as the scratch. Scratch is the crux of modern deejaying.
(DJ means “Disc Jockey”. A hip-hop disc jockey is a DJ that selects, plays and creates music with multiple turntables as a hip-hop artist or performer, often backing up one or more MCs.)
Kool Herc learned about the culture “TOASTING” in Jamaica where he would compete with other DJs to see who’s sound system was the loudest. He was also known as “MAN WITH THE LOUDEST SYSTEM I
N HIP HOP”. His AMP was of MACINTOSH which was the most powerful AMP during that time. His speakers were so loud he called them “Herculoids”. Kool Herc’s crew consisted of DJ Kool Herc, Coke La Rock, Clark Kent who often emceed for hours at a time, with little improvisation and a simple beat of four counts. In 1975 Herc is hired as a DJ at the Hevalo Club. Coke La Rock and Clark Kent form the first emcee team known as Kool Herc & The Herculoids. The MC’s became more varied in their rhythmic and vocal approach by incorporating some brief rhymes that often had a sexual theme, to differentiate themselves from others as well as entertaining the audience. Gansta Rap, a form of hip hop during the 1990s became a major part of American music, causing significant controversy over lyrics which were perceived as promoting promiscuity, violence, terrorism , drug use and misogyny.
The term rap music is often used synonymously with hip hop music.
(The word “rap” was derived in the 1960’s, from a slang word that meant conversation…) (Rap is speaking up rhythmically in rhymes with style and is generally along with beats. It also represents the recording aspects of hip hop. )
Kool Herc’s deejaying involved reciting rhymes over instrumentals. At house parties, Herc would rap over with the microphone. Similar Kool Herc’s house parties soon drifted through Brooklyn, Manhattan.Herc and other block party DJs helped spread the message of hip-hop around town and spawned tons of followers. By 1979 hip hop became a commercially popular music genre and began to enter the American mainstream.And by the beginning of the 2000s, Hip hop became a staple of popular music charts and was being performed in many styles across the world.
HIP HOP ART (Graffiti)
Graffiti or Tagging is the spray-painting graffiti art usually having the stylized signature of the graffiti artist at the bottom and was mostly done on the walls.
It got started in Philadelphia during the 1960s. And by 1970 the graffiti art was seen in New York. The graffiti art started moving from the streets to the subways and quickly became competitive.
HIP HOP DANCE (Break dancing)
Break dancing is a dance in a frenetic, distinctive style. Breaking is a hip hop dance.
The original name of “Break Dance” was “Bboy”. Bboy means Bronx boy, break boy or beat boy.
The “b-boys” and “b-girls” were only interested in the instrumental break of a song and teenagers who partied at “Kool Herc” parties, evolved this stylized manner of dancing along with the inspiration from James Brown.
hip hop fashion
Hip hop has bring about a fashion mostly to the young teenagers after the seventies(1970’s).
Hip-hop fashion was and is mostly about baggy clothes but several others accessories are included like caps (mostly baseball & matching leather caps), custom sneakers, stunner shades , earrings (mostly diamonds , gold necklaces (both white & yellow),multi-fingered rings, , huge watches (gold or other), grillz made of gold, etc…
Carl Williams (founder of Karl Kani) & Tupac Shakur, a Hip Hop Legend, are credited with being the co-founders of the Hip-Hop clothing in the world.
During a fashion era which Levi, Arizon Jeans, Nike, and other clothing labels dominated the Hip Hop lifestyle.
In the early 80s, a fan of Hip-Hop music, Kani started to create the first Hip Hop clothing label.
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